Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: The effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on bone mineralization and osteoporosis is not well established. While reduction in bone mineral density in patients with type 1 diabetes is almost confirmed, effects of type 2 diabetes on bone health is still unclear. However in some studies bone mineral density (BMD) was suggested to be normal or elevated, epidemiological reports have shown an increased risk of fracture among patients with type 2 diabetes. This paper tries ...

Introduction: The thyroid gland plays an important role in metabolism of human body. Abnormal growth of this gland is called Goiter. Iodine deficiency was thought to be the main cause of goiter. However, despite years of salt iodization, goiter continues to be a major public health, worldwide. As the thyroid gland is the most common organ affected by autoimmune diseases, it is suggested that autoimmunity can disturb thyroid function and develop to goiter. This study tries to i...